Wastewater management in the coastal city of Manado is a matter of great importance to prevent and mitigate pollution of the coastal environment by contaminated wastewater. Prior to formulating a wastewater management plan for the city, a survey of the current wastewater management system of the city was carried out. This survey focused on the community's environmental knowledge and attitude towards wastewater problems, the condition and capacity of existing wastewater treatment systems and wastewater infrastructure and facilities. Also, the water quality of selected rivers was studied by determining certain indicators. The natural characteristics, socioeconomic, and institutional arrangement of the city were also studied. Besides, a comprehensive review of the literature of the impacts of human activities on the coastal area with emphasis on wastewater discharge and urban wastewater management system was also done. Based on the information obtained, constraints and potentials of those aspects were analyzed and strategic actions were formulated for recommendation.

To collect primary data, two main research methods were applied: (1) field observation and (2) questionnaire interview (individual and household) surveys. Two study sites (district level), Molas and Wenang, were selected and 145 and 139 individuals and 300 and 304 households respectively were interviewed. Secondary data and information was gathered from the administration of Manado City (city level) as the study area. In addition, three rivers (Bailang, Maasing, and Tondano) within the city were observed for water quality status…